12 December 2025
Namibia has established itself as one of Africa’s most progressive economies, spearheading the continent’s shift toward seamless, real-time online payments.
According to the latest RMB Continent at a Crossroads White Paper, Namibia is the only African nation to have formally adopted India’s Unified Payments Interface (UPI) through a government-to-government agreement, positioning Windhoek at the forefront of Africa’s digital revolution.
The white paper highlights that the agreement between the Bank of Namibia and India’s National Payments Coordinator paves the way for instant, low-cost, and borderless digital payments. The Bank of Namibia’s move to integrate its Universal Payments Interface (UPI) for real-time digital transactions is noted as a unique achievement at the government level in Africa, underscoring Namibia’s commitment to modern financial infrastructure.
RMB emphasises that Namibia’s proactive leap reflects the kind of scalable innovation Africa needs to accelerate regional integration under the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), cut transaction costs, and unlock new economic opportunities for small enterprises and consumers alike. RMB’s chief economist, Isaah Mhlanga, praised Namibia’s progress as a clear example of the importance for African countries to invest in digital public infrastructure. He pointed out that Africa’s vast natural resources and land often do not translate into shared prosperity, but practical reforms like Namibia’s demonstrate what is achievable when countries prioritise technology, governance, and regional cooperation.
The report also places Namibia’s digital advancements alongside its ambitious climate-oriented industrial projects, particularly its integrated green hydrogen initiative. This project, which combines renewable energy generation, port expansion, desalination, and rail upgrades, is among the continent’s most advanced green industrial efforts. It illustrates Africa’s potential to develop large-scale, investment-ready climate solutions that could serve as models for sustainable growth.
However, the report notes that financing remains a significant obstacle for many African nations. While the continent needs approximately US$250 billion annually to meet its commitments under the Paris Agreement, it currently attracts only about US$29.5 billion, mostly in the form of debt. Without bold structural reforms and digital-led economic growth, Africa risks falling further behind its development goals.
Despite these challenges, RMB argues that Namibia’s integrated approach — combining digital payments modernisation with green industrialisation — offers a replicable blueprint for other nations. Mhlanga stressed that technology and innovation are central to Africa’s integration into the global economy, and the key challenge now is transforming renewed international interest into lasting African agency and leadership.
As the AfCFTA’s Digital Trade Protocol gains momentum, Namibia’s early leadership exemplifies how African states can seize opportunities to shape the continent’s digital and green economic future, demonstrating a path forward driven by innovation and sustainable development.
